Preceptors' perception of their role as educators and professionals in a health system.

BACKGROUND: Preceptorship fulfills the requirements of International Guidelines regarding the training of health care professionals as a method of teaching in clinical settings, during the daily work routine. This study aims to analyze the preceptors' perceptions about preceptorship and their role as educators. METHODS: Data were collected via a questionnaire with 35 five-point Likert-type scale statements and analyzed using quantitative and qualitative approaches. The qualitative analysis consisted of two open-ended questions: (1) What is Preceptorship? And (2) What is your perception of the preceptor's role as an educator? RESULTS: Out of 619 invited Brazilian preceptors from different health care professions, 327 (52.8%) participated in the study. Among them, 80.7% were females, 35.2% were nurses and 8.9% were physicians. Factor analysis revealed five factors: Pedagogical Competence (F1), Support and educational resources (F2), Educational program planning (F3), Teaching-service integration (F4), and Student presence in the clinical setting (F5). About F1, F3, and F5, professionals from the northeast region had a more positive perception than professionals from the southeast. The item analysis revealed that preceptors learn from the students and consider the service network co-responsible for their training. However, they agreed that only a small part of the health care team participates in the program. Participants described preceptorship as an educational task in a clinical setting, in which active learning methods are used for the training of health care professionals. Preceptorship was considered a bridge between the Unified Health System and the Academic Practice. They envisioned their educator role as a model, tutor, leader, supervisor, and mentor. CONCLUSION: Preceptors expressed a critical view about the nature of preceptorship and their role as educators, recognizing its challenges as well as its potential in clinical settings.

Perfil do ingressante na residência multiprofissional e em área de saúde de um hospital privado brasileiro / Admission profile in a multiprofessional residence education in a Brazilian private hospital

Resumen

Objetivo: describir el perfil de los nuevos estudiantes en los programas de residencia multidisciplinar en el campo profesional de la salud en una institución privada en Sao Paulo, Brasil.

Método: estudio exploratorio, descriptivo de los nuevos estudiantes en los programas de residencia multidisciplinar de profesionales de la salud en un hospital grande, privado y filantrópico, con sede en Sao Paulo, en abril de 2015.

Resultados: 105 participantes con una edad media de 25,45 + 3,83 años, con predominio femenino y estado civil solteros, el 93,3% del estado de Sao Paulo. El 30,5% tenía experiencia previa de trabajo, el 76,1% eran graduados entre 2013 a 2015, el 50,4% de los encuestados pertenece a los programas uniprofesionales y solo el 30,5% practica algún tipo de deporte. En cuanto a satisfacción, el 54,3% informó de satisfacción con el programa.

Discusión/conclusión: la comprensión del perfil del estudiante que ingresa en el programa de residencia permite a los profesores crear estrategias para desarrollar las habilidades necesarias para ejercer la profesión.

Abstract

Purpose: to describe the profile of new students being admitted in multidisciplinary residence programs for healthcare professionals in a private institution in Sao Paulo, Brazil.

Methods: an exploratory, descriptive study on new students being admitted to multidisciplinary residence programs for healthcare professionals in a large, private, philanthropic hospital in Sao Paulo, in April 2015.

Results: a hundred and five participants, mean age 25.45 ± 3.83, predominantly women, most of them single were included; 93.3% were from Sao Paulo state. Some 30.5% had previous work experience, 76.1% graduated from 2013 to 2015; 50.4% of respondents were in monoprofessional programs; and only 30.5% were regular sport players. Satisfaction with the program was stated by 54.3%.

Discussion/Conclusions: student profile understanding for students being admitted in a residence program allow teachers creating strategies to develop skills needed for professional practice.

Objetivo: descrever o perfil do aluno ingressante nos programas de residência multiprofissional e em área profissional da saúde de uma instituição privada no município de São Paulo - Brasil.

Método: estudo exploratório, descritivo realizado com alunos ingressantes em programas de residências multiprofissionais em área profissional da saúde em um hospital de grande porte, privado e filantrópico localizado no município de São Paulo, no mês de abril de 2015.

Resultados: 105 participantes com idade média de 25,45 + 3,83 anos. Houve predominância do sexo feminino, estado civil solteiro, 93,3% do estado de São Paulo. 30,5% possuem experiência profissional prévia, 76,1% foram graduados entre 2013-2015, 50,4% dos respondentes pertencem a programas uniprofissionais e apenas 30,5% pratica algum tipo de esporte. Quanto a satisfação, 54,3% relataram satisfação com o programa.

Conclusão: compreender o perfil de aluno inserido no programa de residência permite aos docentes a criação de estratégias para desenvolver as competências necessárias a pratica da profissão.

The Polisemy of Clinical Governance: a review of literature.

The article aims to explore the concept of clinical management, with a view towards understanding the diverse meanings that could be attributed to that expression. This discussion can contribute to the planning and organization of health services geared to the management of clinical practices, as well as to set forth principles to draft actions in that field. Methodologically, the study consists of a qualitative literature review, using keywords of the Virtual Health Library (VHL). In terms of results, seven topics stand out that synthesize the analysis of sources: management, quality promotion, clinical monitoring or auditing, education, responsibility or accountability, safety in care and a systemic dimension. The conclusion is that the variation of meanings relates to the way in which the authors of the studies reviewed express or unfold the structuring conceptual components broadly accepted as clinical governance. What we observe is a lack of a greater focus on discussions regarding planning and policies relating to clinical governance.

[The São Carlos Hospital School: assessment of its functioning by means of user satisfaction]. / O hospital-escola de São Carlos: análise do funcionamento por meio da satisfação dos usuários.

This research assessed the satisfaction of the users of São Carlos Hospital School in its first six months of functioning. A sample of 137 users was grouped according to the service used: hospital admittance, home care, emergency medical assistance, spontaneous emergency and shelter. Inferential statistics were realized by Chi-Square and Fischer Exact tests. The majority of users were women and aged 18 to 45 years-old. The users were "very satisfied" (46.2%) with attendance agility and with the team (52.6%). A number of 59.2% of the users were very satisfied with the hospital and 68.8% considered the service better than expected. Less "clarity concerning health" was reported for shelter regarding hospital admittance and home care (p<0.05). Users under hospital admittance presented greater satisfaction and better expectation compared to acceptance and emergency medical assistance (p<0.05). User profile characteristics as "skin color" and "health plan" presented statistical differences regarding general satisfaction. The study showed that the adoption of a humanized model of assistance in healthcare as the proposal of this Hospital resulted in user satisfaction.